1. Delineate a specific issue (problem) to research/ resolve: · Hypothesis/ hypotheses. · Central research question. · Timeframe and affordability. |
2. Present a summary of the appropriate body of existing knowledge about specific problem at hand. · Appropriate literature review strategy. · Academic writing style — intro, present and summary. |
3. Use of the appropriate referencing (in-text and list of) 100% correctly. |
4. Plan an appropriate research design: · Select from the qualitative-quantitative range what would be appropriate to the study (problem). · Ontology and epistemology. |
5. Select or develop data collection instruments/ strategy(ies): · Instrument/ strategy must be suitable. · Test the instrument/ strategy and refine as required. · Ensure equipment availability and good working order. |
6. Determine the population and appropriate sampling frame: · Identify the population that applies to the problem. · Select an appropriate sampling strategy. |
7. Plan the data analysis methods — ensuring appropriateness. · Select appropriate statistical methods for quantitative data, · or relevant qualitative analysis design. |
8. Submission of research proposal for approval. |
9. Upon approval of proposal. execute the data collection (or research undertaking in the case of participatory action research). · Ensure systematic and orderly data capturing. · Analysis of the data and interpretation. |
10. Produce the research report — dissertation/ thesis or article. |
11. Editing — language and technicalities. |
12. Post-examination (peer review in case of an article for publishing) review and making the required changes. |
13. Final editing, proof reading, printing and binding. |
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